棉花学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (1): 13-21.doi: 10.11963/1002-7807.wgegl.20201229
王广恩1,2(),郭丽3,*(
),钱玉源1,2,刘祎1,2,张曦1,2
收稿日期:
2019-12-06
出版日期:
2021-01-15
发布日期:
2021-02-24
通讯作者:
郭丽
E-mail:wangguangen@sina.com;guolisoil@163.com
作者简介:
王广恩(1976―),男,副研究员, 基金资助:
Wang Guang’en1,2(),Guo Li3,*(
),Qian Yuyuan1,2,Liu Yi1,2,Zhang Xi1,2
Received:
2019-12-06
Online:
2021-01-15
Published:
2021-02-24
Contact:
Guo Li
E-mail:wangguangen@sina.com;guolisoil@163.com
摘要:
【目的】 本研究旨在科学合理地利用浅层咸水资源。【方法】 依托短期定位试验开展了在第3年和第4年不同咸水利用方式下( CK:造墒和蕾期灌淡水; T1:造墒和蕾期灌咸淡混配矿化度3 g·L-1的微咸水;T2:淡水造墒蕾期灌矿化度5 g·L-1咸水;T3:造墒和蕾期灌矿化度5 g·L-1咸水;T4:淡水造墒蕾期不灌水)棉花长势、叶绿素荧光参数、土壤盐分累积及其运移的变化。【结果】 T1和T2处理的齐苗率、株高、干物质质量、叶面积指数、叶绿素荧光参数、产量及霜前花率与CK无显著差异,土壤盐分含量较CK有所增加,但未对棉花生长产生明显抑制。T3处理的棉花长势指标、叶绿素荧光参数较CK显著降低,0~100 cm土壤盐分含量较CK明显增加。【结论】 从土壤质量安全和咸水高效利用的角度考虑,连续4年用3 g·L-1的咸淡混合水灌溉或用淡水与5 g·L-1的咸水轮灌不仅能节约淡水,且不影响棉花产量。本研究结果为当地在棉花生产中安全利用咸水提供技术参考。
王广恩,郭丽,钱玉源,刘祎,张曦. 不同咸水利用方式对棉花叶绿素荧光参数及土壤盐分的影响[J]. 棉花学报, 2021, 33(1): 13-21.
Wang Guang’en,Guo Li,Qian Yuyuan,Liu Yi,Zhang Xi. Effects of different saline water irragation on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in cotton and the soil salt content[J]. Cotton Science, 2021, 33(1): 13-21.
表2
不同咸水利用方式对棉花干物重和株高的影响"
年份 Years | 处理 Treatment | 单株干物质质量 Dry matter weight /g | 株高Plant heigh /cm | |||||
06-25 | 07-20 | 08-20 | 06-25 | 07-20 | 08-20 | |||
2015 | CK | 15.7±1.1 a | 78.7±5.9 a | 183.8±7.9 a | 53.7±2.6 a | 88.2±3.9 a | 105.1±4.0 a | |
T1 | 16.1±1.2 a | 77.6±5.7 a | 183.1±7.0 a | 53.8±2.5 a | 89.4±3.1 a | 105.6±4.7 a | ||
T2 | 15.3±1.16 a | 77.1±2.8 a | 178.0±9.5 a | 53.8±2.6 a | 88.2±3.1 a | 106.8±4.4 a | ||
T3 | 13.4±0.9 b | 67.2±5.9 b | 164.2±5.9 b | 47.6±1.9 b | 75.1±3.6 b | 93.4±2.7 b | ||
T4 | 12.7±1.0 b | 64.0±5.5 b | 148.8±6.6 c | 46.1±1.6 b | 70.1±3.4 b | 84.9±4.5 c | ||
2016 | CK | 18.6±0.9 a | 92.7±5.2 a | 200.1±10.6 a | 56.1±3.1 a | 95.8±3.0 a | 116.4±3.8 a | |
T1 | 17.7±0.8 a | 92.8±7.4 a | 196.3±7.5 a | 56.5±3.4 a | 94.9±2.9 a | 117.1±5.1 a | ||
T2 | 18.2±0.9 a | 89.5±7.9 a | 198.8±12.9 a | 56.4±2.9 a | 98.1±3.9 a | 113.1±4.0 a | ||
T3 | 14.7±0.9 b | 73.4±6.5 b | 174.5±7.6 b | 48.2±3.1 b | 82.8±3.4 b | 103.2±4.1 b | ||
T4 | 15.5±1.0 b | 75.9±5.5 b | 176.6±8.4 b | 50.1±2.4 b | 81.3±4.8 b | 104.1±3.8 b |
表3
不同咸水利用方式对棉花叶面积指数的影响"
年份 Years | 处理 Treatment | 日期Date | ||
06-25 | 07-20 | 08-20 | ||
2015 | CK | 0.58±0.03 a | 2.43±0.07 a | 3.42±0.21 a |
T1 | 0.57±0.02 a | 2.46±0.08 a | 3.35±0.22 a | |
T2 | 0.59±0.02 a | 2.45±0.13 a | 3.49±0.19 a | |
T3 | 0.47±0.05 b | 2.03±0.08 b | 2.96±0.17 b | |
T4 | 0.46±0.05 b | 1.98±0.08 b | 2.56±0.13 c | |
2016 | CK | 0.46±0.03 a | 2.83±0.23 a | 3.77±0.2 a |
T1 | 0.47±0.04 a | 2.76±0.15 a | 3.73±0.2 a | |
T2 | 0.48±0.03 a | 2.72±0.15 a | 3.72±0.19 a | |
T3 | 0.38±0.04 b | 2.22±0.10 b | 3.07±0.11 b | |
T4 | 0.35±0.04 b | 2.18±0.06 b | 2.94±0.17 b |
表4
不同咸水利用方式下棉花产量及产量构成因素的变化"
年份 Years | 处理 Treatments | 单株铃数 Bolls No. per plant | 铃重 Boll weight /g | 棉花产量 Lint yield /(kg·hm-2) | 霜前花率 Ratio of yield before frost /% |
2015 | CK | 20.3±10 a | 6.64±0.17 a | 3 751.0±163.7 a | 85.2±1.8 c |
T1 | 20.8±1.3 a | 6.48±0.16 a | 3 670.8±119.3 a | 85.9±1.6 c | |
T2 | 21.1±1.8 ab | 6.51±0.17 a | 3 694.7±189.0 a | 86.0±2.3 c | |
T3 | 18.2±1.2 b | 6.23±0.19 ab | 3 475.6±92.7 b | 89.5±1.8 b | |
T4 | 13.6±1.2 c | 5.80±0.17 c | 2 565.3±87.6 c | 98.8±0.5 a | |
2016 | CK | 23.3±1.7 a | 6.72±0.20 a | 3 985.3±147.4 a | 82.6±1.8 b |
T1 | 22.7±1.3 a | 6.65±0.19 ab | 4 019.0±164.0 a | 83.1±1.3 b | |
T2 | 22.6±1.2 a | 6.73±0.16 a | 3 874.3±91.6 ab | 82.8±1.7 b | |
T3 | 19.9±1.4 b | 6.36±0.10 b | 3 654.3±136.6 bc | 85.4±1.2 ab | |
T4 | 19.3±1.0 b | 6.57±0.19 ab | 3 568.3±98.8 c | 88.3±2.2 a |
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