温度及遗传背景对棉花恢复系恢复能力的影响

doi:10.11963/issn.1002-7807.201603007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本文利用7个不同细胞核背景的哈克尼西棉胞质不育系与来源于同一个哈克尼西棉恢复基因（Rf1）培育出的3个不同细胞核背景的恢复系，采用NCⅡ交配设计，配置了21个 F₁。21个F₁和3个恢复系种植于2个生态区，通过性状调查，采用ADE模型和直观作图的分析方法，探索遗传背景和温度对恢复系恢复能力的影响。结果表明，在黄河流域安阳点，恢复系H46花粉量略高于H80，在长江流域无为点则相反；H46和H80在安阳和无为点的花粉量均高于恢复系ZBR；3个恢复系在盛花期多粉花率和少粉花率的表现趋势与其所配置的杂交组合F₁的花粉多粉率及其平均产量竞争优势大小一致；F₁籽棉和皮棉产量受加性效应、显性效应、加性与环境互作效应的影响，F₁花粉量不仅受加性效应的显著影响，还受到显性与环境互作效应的极显著影响；F₁籽棉产量与其花粉量的显性与环境互作效应的相关系数接近1，并达显著水平，表明环境影响花粉发育并对产量形成起关键作用。本文从不同角度研究了温度及遗传背景与恢复系恢复能力的关系，研究结果将对棉花三系恢复系的选育和利用具有一定的指导意义。

关键词: 遗传背景; 花粉量; 恢复能力; 遗传效应

Abstract: Three restorer lines originating from the same gene (Rf1) of Gossypium harknessii with different nuclear backgrounds, and 21 crosses made by NCⅡ mating with seven cytoplasmic male sterile lines of G. harknessii, and their three restorers were planted in two ecological zones. ADE modeling and pictorial diagrams were used to analyze genetic traits and to explore effects of the genetic background and temperature on the restoring ability of restorers. In Anyang county of Henan province at the Yellow River valley, the pollen quantity of restorer H46 was a little more than observed for H80; and was the opposite of that observed in Wuwei county of Anhui province at the Yangtze River valley. The pollen quantities of H46 and H80 were greater than ZBR (restorer) in Anyang and Wuwei. The distribution trends of flower percentages of higher quantity pollens and lower quantity pollens of the three restorers at the full-bloom stage were consistent with the pollen fertility rate and the competitive advantage of the average yield in the F₁. The seed and lint cotton yield of the F₁ was influenced by additive effect, dominant effect, and additive-by-environment interaction. Pollen quantity of the F₁ was not only related to the additive effect, but also strongly related to the dominance-by-environment interaction. A very strong correlation coefficient, close to 1, was detected between the seed cotton yield of F₁ and the dominance-by-environment interaction of its pollen quantity, indicating the environment influenced the development of flower pollen and played a key role in seed cotton yield. The relationships of temperature and genetic background with the restoring capacity of restorer were studied from different viewpoints, and the results provide certain guiding for the use of restorers in the breeding and usage of three-line hybrid cotton.

Key words: genetic background; pollen quantity; restoring capacity; genetic effects

中图分类号:

S562.032

崔艳利, 郭立平, 戚廷香, 王红梅, 王海林, 唐会妮, 乔秀琴, 吴建勇, 邢朝柱. 温度及遗传背景对棉花恢复系恢复能力的影响[J]. 棉花学报, 2016, 28(3): 242-249.

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链接本文: http://journal.cricaas.com.cn/Jweb_mhxb/CN/10.11963/issn.1002-7807.201603007

http://journal.cricaas.com.cn/Jweb_mhxb/CN/Y2016/V28/I3/242

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