土壤环境因子对棉花根际与内生拮抗细菌存活数量的影响

doi:10.11963/1002-7807.dwfsyw.20210428

棉花学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (3): 247-257.doi: 10.11963/1002-7807.dwfsyw.20210428

土壤环境因子对棉花根际与内生拮抗细菌存活数量的影响

党文芳^1,²(),刘萍^1,²,管力慧^1,²,杨红梅^1,³,牛新湘^4,⁶,李萍⁵,楚敏^1,³,娄恺^1,³,史应武^1,^2,^3,^6,^*()

1.新疆农业科学院微生物应用研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091
2.新疆大学生命科学与技术学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
3.新疆特殊环境微生物实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091
4.新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091
5.新疆库尔勒市农业技术推广站,新疆库尔勒 841000
6.农业农村部西北绿洲农业环境重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091

收稿日期:2020-04-07 发布日期:2021-06-02
通讯作者: 史应武 E-mail:1954358900@qq.com;syw1973@126.com
作者简介:党文芳（1994―）, 1954358900@qq.com。
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金面上项目(2018D01A44);国家自然科学基金面上项目(41471220);新疆维吾尔自治区优秀青年科技人才培养项目(QN2005YX023);中国博士后科学基金(2016M602953XB);新疆维吾尔自治区科技计划重大专项(2020A01002-3);新疆农业科学院农业科技创新平台能力提升建设专项(nkypt005)

Effects of soil environmental factors on the survival of cotton rhizosphere and endophytic antagonistic bacteria

Dang Wenfang^1,²(),Liu Ping^1,²,Guan Lihui^1,²,Yang Hongmei^1,³,Niu Xinxiang^4,⁶,Li Ping⁵,Chu Min^1,³,Lou Kai^1,³,Shi Yingwu^1,^2,^3,^6,^*()

1. Institute of Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
2. College of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830052, China
3. Xinjiang Special Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Urumqi 830091, China
4. Institute of Soil and Fertilizer and Agricultural Water Conservation, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
5. Xinjiang Korla Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Korla, Xinjiang 841000, China
6. Key Laboratory of Northwest Oasis Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Urumqi 830091, China

Received:2020-04-07 Published:2021-06-02
Contact: Shi Yingwu E-mail:1954358900@qq.com;syw1973@126.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】分析实验室条件下土壤理化性质对棉花黄萎病拮抗细菌数量及活性的影响,揭示拮抗细菌在土壤不同理化条件下的适应能力。【方法】以已筛选的4个棉花黄萎病拮抗细菌菌株为基础,采用涂布法测定培养皿土壤中不同理化因子（含水率、温度、含盐量、肥力、pH、土壤类型）下的拮抗细菌数量;通过最适土壤理化环境下的盆栽试验,对棉株根部土壤中的拮抗细菌数量进行测定并对棉花黄萎病发生情况进行统计。【结果】SHZ-24和BHZ-29菌株在土壤中活菌相对数量较高,其中SHZ-24的活菌相对数量在15%的土壤含水率下达到27.74%,BHZ-29菌株在中等肥力、灰漠土中分别达到24.81%和15.24%。在高肥、土壤含水率小于20%的土壤条件下,4种拮抗细菌对棉花黄萎病的防病效果均较好,其中BHZ-29防效最高（87.12%）,SMT-24防效最低（35.04%）。【结论】4株拮抗细菌在水分合适和施肥土壤中有很好的适应性,可维持一定数量和活性。

关键词: 棉花; 黄萎病; 拮抗细菌; 根围环境; 适应性; 土壤理化性质; 数量; 病情指数

Abstract:

[Objective] The effect of soil physical and chemical properties on the quantity and activity of cotton Verticillium wilt antagonist bacteria were analyzed under laboratory conditions, to reveal the adaptability of antagonistic bacteria under different physical and chemical conditions of soil. [Method] Four cotton Verticillium wilt antagonist bacteria isolated in the laboratory were raised to estimate their quantity under different soil physical and chemical factors (moisture, temperature, salinity, fertility, salinity, soil type) in petri dishes by coating. Through the pot experiment under the most suitable soil physical and chemical environments, the quantity of these biocontrol bacteria in the rhizosphere of cotton plants was evaluated and the incidence of cotton plants was counted. [Result] Both SHZ-24 and BHZ-29 strains have relatively high relative numbers of viable bacteria in the soil. SHZ-24 reaches 27.74% in soil with 15% water content, and BHZ-29 strain reaches 24.81% and 15.24% in medium fertilizer and gray desert soil, respectively. Under the conditions of high fertility and soil moisture content of less than 20%, four antagonistic bacteria have the best control effect on cotton Verticillium wilt. Among them, the control effect of BHZ-29 reached the maximum of 87.12%, and the control effect of SMT-24 had the minimum of 35.04%. [Conclusion] The four strains of antagonistic bacteria have good adaptability in suitable water and fertilized soil, the quantity and activity of antagonistic bacteria could be maintained well.

Key words: cotton; Verticillium wilt; antagonistic bacteria; rhizosphere; adaptability; soil physical and chemical properties; colonization number; disease index

党文芳,刘萍,管力慧,杨红梅,牛新湘,李萍,楚敏,娄恺,史应武. 土壤环境因子对棉花根际与内生拮抗细菌存活数量的影响[J]. 棉花学报, 2021, 33(3): 247-257.

Dang Wenfang,Liu Ping,Guan Lihui,Yang Hongmei,Niu Xinxiang,Li Ping,Chu Min,Lou Kai,Shi Yingwu. Effects of soil environmental factors on the survival of cotton rhizosphere and endophytic antagonistic bacteria[J]. Cotton Science, 2021, 33(3): 247-257.

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土壤类型	取样地 Sampling site	养分含量Nutrient content/(g·kg^-1)							pH
土壤类型	取样地 Sampling site	有机质 Organic matter	全氮 Total nitrogen	全磷 Total phosphorus	全钾 Total potassium	碱解氮 Alkali nitrogen	速效磷 Available phosphorus	速效钾 Available potassium	pH
棕钙土	博乐Bole	22.753	1.539	0.972	25.066	0.022	0.029	0.217	7.55
灰漠土	石河子Shihezi	24.579	1.598	0.970	24.145	0.011	0.015	0.313	7.89
棕漠土	库尔勒Korla	10.833	0.727	0.838	13.910	0.004	0.047	0.151	8.03

土壤因子 Soil factor	拮抗细菌 Antagonistic bacteria	Ⅲ型平方和 Sum of square, Type III	自由度 Degrees of freedom	均方 Mean of square	F	概率 Probability (P)
土壤含水率	SHZ-24	1.34×10¹³	2	6.68×10¹²	10.865	0.002
Soil moisture content	SMT-24	8.53×10¹¹	2	4.27×10¹¹	9.035	0.004
	SHT-15	3.21×10¹²	2	1.61×10¹²	16.247	0.000
	BHZ-29	2.04×10¹³	2	1.02×10¹³	40.933	0.000
肥力	SHZ-24	1.71×10¹⁵	2	8.53×10¹⁴	3 111.006	0.000
Fertility	SMT-24	7.11×10¹³	2	3.55×10¹³	2 988.233	0.000
	SHT-15	1.42×10¹³	2	7.10×10¹²	77.034	0.000
	BHZ-29	2.31×10¹³	2	1.15×10¹³	121.524	0.000
土壤类型	SHZ-24	5.74×10¹⁵	3	1.91×10¹⁵	246.498	0.000
Soil type	SMT-24	4.90×10¹⁵	3	1.63×10¹⁵	64.030	0.000
	SHT-15	6.87×10¹⁵	3	2.29×10¹⁵	490.115	0.000
	BHZ-29	8.04×10¹⁵	3	2.68×10¹⁵	490.115	0.000
pH	SHZ-24	1.37×10¹²	2	6.86×10¹¹	3.210	0.076
	SMT-24	3.73×10¹³	2	1.87×10¹³	255.465	0.000
	SHT-15	5.31×10¹²	2	2.66×10¹²	60.323	0.000
	BHZ-29	2.53×10¹³	2	1.27×10¹³	103.773	0.000
含盐量	SHZ-24	8.32×10¹¹	2	4.16×10¹¹	0.333	0.723
Salt content	SMT-24	2.47×10¹²	2	1.23×10¹²	99.360	0.000
	SHT-15	5.45×10¹²	2	2.72×10¹²	60.734	0.000
	BHZ-29	3.11×10¹³	2	1.56×10¹³	112.275	0.000
温度	SHZ-24	2.39×10¹²	2	1.20×10¹²	1.803	0.207
Temperature	SMT-24	3.31×10¹²	2	1.65×10¹²	118.385	0.000
	SHT-15	2.11×10¹³	2	1.05×10¹³	225.264	0.000
	BHZ-29	8.30×10¹²	2	4.15×10¹²	38.326	0.000

土壤环境因子对棉花根际与内生拮抗细菌存活数量的影响

Effects of soil environmental factors on the survival of cotton rhizosphere and endophytic antagonistic bacteria

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[9]	孙璘,海艳,唐晓雪,祖丽皮亚·艾买,焦瑞莲,任毓忠,李国英. 新疆棉花茎腐病的病原鉴定及其生物学特性研究[J]. 棉花学报, 2021, 33(3): 235-246.
[10]	杨可心, 陈秀叶, 刘畅, 鹿秀云, 郭庆港, 马平. 棉花枯萎病菌新生理型菌株毒素鉴定及其活性测定[J]. 棉花学报, 2021, 33(3): 258-268.
[11]	贾晓昀,王士杰,赵红霞,朱继杰,李妙,王国印. 陆地棉株型及生育期相关性状QTL定位[J]. 棉花学报, 2021, 33(2): 124-133.
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