Effects of the spraying time of defoliation and ripening agent on cotton boll development and fiber quality at different fruiting branches

Zhu Jijie, Zhao Hongxia, Wang Shijie, Jia Xiaoyun, Li Miao, Wang Guoyin

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Cotton Science ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (2) : 117-127. DOI: 10.11963/cs20230001
RESEARCH REPORTS

Effects of the spraying time of defoliation and ripening agent on cotton boll development and fiber quality at different fruiting branches

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Abstract

[Objective] This research aims to study the effect of spraying defoliation and ripening agent at different times on dry matter mass, yield traits, and fiber quality of cotton bolls at different fruiting branches, and to determine the optimal time for spraying defoliation and ripening agent in Hebei province. [Method] Jifeng 1458, a cotton variety suitable for machine picking, was used as the material. The 50% (mass fraction) thidiazuron-ethephon suspension agent was sprayed at four different times from late September to early October in 2020 and 2021, respectively. Spraying the same amount of water on September 20th was used as the control. The changes of cotton defoliation rate and boll opening rate, dry matter mass, boll weight, seed index, and lint percentage of cotton bolls at different fruiting branches, seed cotton yield, lint yield and fiber quality were analyzed. [Result] The boll opening rate of each treatment was 40%-65% on the day of spraying defoliation and ripening agent, and 20 days later, both of the boll opening rate and defoliation rate exceeded 90%. Compared with the control, when spraying on September 20th, the weight, seed index, lint percentage of bolls on the upper breaches, and the fiber upper half mean length, breaking tenacity and micronaire of these bolls decreased significantly. When spraying on September 20th or about September 25th, dry matter mass of cotton bolls at the upper or middle fruiting branches and dry matter mass of the total cotton bolls per plant all decreased significantly. When spraying from September 20th to around October 5th, seed index of the upper cotton bolls decreased significantly, while seed cotton yield and lint yield increased significantly. Both seed cotton yield and lint yield were the highest when spraying on around September 30th, and the fiber quality was also fine. [Conclusion] It is preliminarily believed that the optimal time of spraying defoliation and ripening agent in the direct seeding cotton field without covering film in Hebei cotton planting region was around September 30th, and the natural boll opening rate reached about 56%.

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defoliation and ripening agent / cotton boll / cotton boll position / yield / fiber quality / dry matter mass

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Zhu Jijie , Zhao Hongxia , Wang Shijie , Jia Xiaoyun , Li Miao , Wang Guoyin. Effects of the spraying time of defoliation and ripening agent on cotton boll development and fiber quality at different fruiting branches[J]. Cotton Science, 2023, 35(2): 117-127. https://doi.org/10.11963/cs20230001

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