棉 花 学 报 Cotton Science 2007，19(5)：323-330
Achivements of Technical Innovation about Cotton Genetics and Breeding in China Abstract：Six times of varietal sgstematic replacements on large scale have carried out since 1950′s in China，increased yield 10% or so every time. Fiber quality，disease-resistant，as well as earliness were improved substantially. The representative cultivars such as CCRI 12，16，19，35 and 41，and Lumian 1，Jimian 8 etc. made great contributions to the production. Since 1990s，the composition of traditional breeding techniques and modern biotechnology have taken great contributions on cotton pest-resistant cultivar breeding，and made tremendous increase of transgenic cotton growing. Modern breeding techniques ，such as biochemical breeding，molecular marker-assistant breeding and transgenic breeding，are gradually implicated in cotton cultivar improvement，and substantially enhanced technical innovation in cotton breeding. Chinese cotton cultivars at present still have some shortages in fiber quality， Verticilium wilt resistance and drought-salinity resistance，etc. The prospective cotton breeding objectives，key techniques and developmental directions in China are also discussed.
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