棉 花 学 报 Cotton Science 2007，19(2)：139-144
Advances in Cotton Protoplast Culture and Somatic Hybridization Abstract：Plant regeneration from protoplasts has proved a very useful technique for crop genetic improvement programs，genetic transformation，and somatic hybridization etc. Now reliable procedures are available for protoplast isolation and culture from a range of high plants including cotton. There were many successful reports on plant regeneration from protoplast. Great progresses was also made for cotton somatic hybridization via protoplast fusion，several inter-specific hybrids were created. As is known，there were 47 wild species，which have advantageous properties such as disease and herbicide resistance that the genetic improvements need. Somatic hybridization is a unique useful way to transfer both nuclear and cytoplasmic genes of different wild species simultaneously in comparison to chromosomal and gene engineering. The success of protoplast fusion in cotton was based on the effective system of cotton protoplast culture，and plant regeneration via somatic embryogenesis from protoplasts was a key step to somatic hybridization. So it is necessary to establish a highly reproducible system for efficient plant regeneration from protoplasts or fused protoplasts in cotton. Advances on fundamental techniques，research status，problems，and promising development of cotton protoplast culture，as well as the somatic hybridization were reviewed，in order to offer beneficial references for cotton gene and chromosome engineering.
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