棉 花 学 报 Cotton Science 2006，18(2)：109-114
Response of Difference Potassium Efficiency Cotton Genotypes to Potassium Deficiency
JIANG Cun-cang1，GAO Xiang-zhao1，3，WANG Yun-hua1*，LU Jian-wei1，XU Fang-sen1，2)
(1.Huazhong Agricultural University Plant Nutrition Lab，Wuhan 430070，China；2. National Key Lab of Crop Genetic improvement，Huazhong Agricultural University，Wuhan 430070，China；3. National Agro-Tech Extension and Service Center，Beijing 100026，China)
Abstract：Based on selection from 86 cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars in 2002 and 2003，four different potassium (K) efficiency cotton genotypes （code：103、122、163、165）had been gotten. This experiment was conducted to study potassium (K) efficiency and physiological mechanism of these four genotypes through soil pot culture in 2003 ， and this test was from April 20 to October 9. Which installed two K levels （-K，K2O 0g·kg-1 and +K，K2O 0.80g·kg-1），each level had five repetitions. cotton seeds were dipped into 50~60 ℃ water for 30 minutes，then were placed at normal temperature. When they germinated，and were seeded in the soil pots，and each pot remained one individual cotton plant finally. The experiment carried out at Huazhong Agricultural University experiment station. During the course of growth，much attention had been paid to deal with plant disease and insect. The agricultural character changes of these four genotypes had been recorded，which included the plant boll numbers，total nods， the number of sympodia，and so on. After boll split five or seven days，the seed cotton had been picked up，then weighted，basked and rolled，finally got lint yield and analyzed fiber quality. At the end，the plant root，stem and leaf harvested apart，and placed into oven at 105℃ for 30 minutes，dried at 70℃ for 24 hours，finally，ground the dried samples. The fiber quality was tested by HVICC in Supervision Inspection and Test Center of Cotton Quality，Ministry of Agriculture，China. The fiber length，length uniformity，strength，elongation and micronaire value were tested.
The result showed that K efficiency existed prominent difference between varied genotypes. High K efficiency and high yield potentiality genotype 103 grew much better than other genotypes，it got the largest boll numbers，the lowest rate of boll shed and the highest lint yield. The lint yield of genotype 103 was that of 1.83，1.87 and 1.74 times to 122，163 and 165 genotypes at +K treatment；and at －K condition，the lint yield of genotype 103 was that of 2.57，2.08 and 1.51 times to 122，163 and 165 genotypes. Low K efficiency and low yield potentiality genotype 122 appeared very badly，not only growth was poor，but also its ability of absorption and utilization K was weak. Different parts of 103 had the lowest K contents，but 122 had the highest，so 103 could grow much better and get highest yield in low K content conditions，which maybe one of a factor that 103 was high K-efficiency genotype. Potassium could increase fiber length uniformity，elongation and micronaire. Different K efficiency genotype also appeared difference on fiber quality characters，at the same K level，genotype 103 had the highest lint percent age and middle in fiber length，length uniformity，strength，elongation and micronaire，and genotype 122 had the highest fiber length，micronaire and middle in lint percent，length uniformity， strength，its elongation was the lowest. Generally，different cotton genotypes fiber quality characters were worse at －K than that of +K，but this difference was not so distinctness as lint yield.
Key words：Gossypium hirsutum L；genotype；potassium efficiency；lint yield；fiber quality
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