15 September 2021, Volume 33 Issue 5
    

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    RESEARCH REPORTS
  • Li Mingfeng,Peng Wenyong,He Hua,Liu Xinwei,Zhao Zhuqing
    Cotton Science. 2021, 33(5): 385-392. https://doi.org/10.11963/cs20210015
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    [Objective] The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different forms of boron on the absorption and utilization of boron and other minerals. [Methods] Using the potted soil culture method, CCRI 83 as the experimental material three treatments were set up: control (CK), inorganic boric acid (B), organic boron (OB), and the boron application amount was 1 mg·kg-1. Cotton was sampled at 65 days after growth and related indicators were determined. [Results] The application of B and OB promoted the development of cotton cell wall and chloroplast, increased the boron contents in the leaves, stems, roots, and cell wall, and promoted the absorption of phosphorus and magnesium, but reduced the absorption of calcium by cotton, and increased the biomass per plant by 15.09% and 22.49%, in comparison with CK, respectively. Compared with B treatment, OB treatment has a more significant effect on increasing boron content (mainly free or protoplasmic boron with high mobility) in cotton leaves and stems, increasing by 16.88% and 10.72%, respectively. [Conclusion] Organic boron was more conducive to the absorption and utilization of boron by plants than inorganic boric acid.

  • Wang Hongbo,Fu Yuanyuan,Yang Hongji,Sun Wenjun,Gao Yang,Wang Xingpeng
    Cotton Science. 2021, 33(5): 393-403. https://doi.org/10.11963/cs20210017
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    [Objective] This study aims to evaluate the drought, salt, and cold tolerance and correspondence antioxidant enzymes activity of an extra early maturing cotton variety, Zhongmian 619. [Methods] An orthogonal experimental design was used to setup stress conditions, where as PEG was used to simulate drought stress, NaCl was used to simalate as salt stress, and temperature was modulated by the growth incubator. By the principal component analysis, subordinate function method and cluster analysis, the effect of water, salt and temperature on the physiological and biochemical indexes such as soluble protein content, the axtivity of amylase and antioxidant protective enzymes during the germination period of the Xinluzhong 37 and Zhongmian 619 were compared and analyzed. Xinluzhong 37, which is the main cultivar of under-film drip irrigation in South Xinjiang, was used as the control. [Results] Principal component analysis showed that the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) could be used as physiological and biochemical indicators for the evaluation of drought, salt and cold resistance/tolerance of cotton seeds during the germination period. By the subordinate function method, the antioxidant enzymes activities of Zhongmian 619 were at the highest level in 15% PEG, 0.4% NaCl and 13 ℃ treatment, while those of Xinluzhong 37 were at the highest level in 5% PEG, 0.4% NaCl and 19 ℃. [Conclusion] Cultivars with stronger stress resistance generally have higher antioxidant capacity. Zhongmian 619 is more resistant to drought and cold than Xinluzhong 37, and has a higher ability to adapt to environmental stress, which can provide theoretical basis for cotton cultivation without film.

  • Duan Jiahong,Li Nannan,Wang Jun,Li Junhong,Hao Xianzhe,Luo Honghai,Yang Guozheng
    Cotton Science. 2021, 33(5): 404-411. https://doi.org/10.11963/cs20210029
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    [Objective] This study aims to explore the effect of embedded depth of drip irrigation belt on cotton yield in the field without plastic mulching in Northern Xinjiang, and to provide scientific theory for green and efficient cotton cultivation techniques in Xinjiang. [Method] Using Xinluzao 74 as the material, three embedded depths of drip irrigation belt (D1: 10 cm, D2: 15 cm, D3: 20 cm) were set to study the effects on the developmental course, dry matter accumulation, yield and quality of cotton. [Result] Compared with D1 treatment, the seedling stage was prolonged by 4 d in D3 treatment. After full-blooming stage, the dry matter accumulation of reproductive organs and vegetative organs of cotton increased along with the increase of the depth of embedded drip irrigation belt. The dry matter accumulation in reproductive organs of D3 treatment was 25.5% and 54.3% higher than that of D2 and D1 treatment at boll-opening stage, respectively. The total boll number, boll weight and seed cotton yield were the lowest in D1 treatment, and no significant differences were found between D2 and D3 treatment. There were no significant differences in cotton fiber length, fiber elongation and breaking tenacity between D2 and D3, but significantly increased by 5.9%, 0.29 percentage point and 10.2% in D3 treatment compared with D1 treatment, respectively. [Conclusion] Without plastic film mulching, the increased embedded depth of drip irrigation belt lead to increased accumulation of dry matter in reproductive organs and higher yield and improved fiber quality of cotton. Considering the stability of yield, 15 cm is the most suitable embedded depth of the drip irrigation belt for cotton plantation without plastic mulching.

  • RESEARCH NOTES
  • Jiang Hui,Zheng Jinxiu,Wang Yongcui,Zhang Chao,Wang Xiuli,Chen Ying,Gao Mingwei,Wang Jiabao,Chai Qichao,Zhao Junsheng
    Cotton Science. 2021, 33(5): 412-421. https://doi.org/10.11963/cs20210013
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    [Objective] L-D1 regulates leaf shape in upland cotton. This study develops specific molecular markers for L-D1 alleles and provides a basis for the application of L-D1 alleles in improving canopy structure. [Method] Morphological traits were investigated to analyze the effect of different combinations of L-D1 alleles with the genetic background of Lumianyan 28 (LMY28) on leaf shape. Specific molecular markers based on polymorphism of alleles' promoters and CDS (Coding sequence) were used to check the combinations of L-D1 alleles in different materials. [Result] L-D1 alleles regulated the formation of leaf lobes from the 3-leaf stage. The lobes deepened from the 4-leaf stage to 8-leaf stage and stabilized from the 9-leaf stage. It was difficult to distinguish the combination of L-D1 alleles from similar leaf shapes. A total of 24 SNPs (Single nucleotide polymorphism) and a 14 bp and a 133 bp insertion-deletion(InDel) were identified in the promoter of 4 alleles. Based on the SNPs and InDels in the promoter and coding sequences, three specific molecular markers, InDel_8, dCAPS_192, and dCAPS_519, were developed for l2, L2o, and L2s, respectively. [Conclusion] Specific molecular markers were developed and could be used to identify L-D1 alleles, which controlled leaf shape of cotton.

  • Wang Yan,Zhang Qian,Wang Shulin,Han Shuo,Feng Guoyi,Dong Ming,Qian Yuyuan,Qi Hong
    Cotton Science. 2021, 33(5): 422-434. https://doi.org/10.11963/cs20200088
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    [Objective] The objective of this study is to study the effect of restructuring soil layers on the soil micro-ecological environment of cotton fields, and to provide new ways and ideas to improve the soil ecological environment. [Method] Using Jimian 315 as the experimental material, two farming methods, conventional rotary tillage (CK) and restructuring soil layers (Treatment, T), were set up to investigate soil nutrients, microbial quantities and enzyme activities in different growth periods in 2019. [Result] Compared with CK, the contents of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and organic matter in the 0-20 cm soil layer of cotton field in T all decreased, but the nutrient content of the 20-80 cm soil layer increased. Compared with CK, the number of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in the 0-20 cm soil layer significantly reduced in T, while the number of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes significantly increased in the 20-40 cm soil layer. Compared with CK, the activity of urease, alkaline phosphatase and sucrase decreased in 0-20 cm soil layer, while increased in 20-40 cm soil layer in T. Regression analysis results showed that the number of fungi, soil urease activity and alkaline phosphatase activity have significant linear relationships with soil fertility indexes. The overground biomass of cotton of T was 8.91% higher than that of CK, while there was no significant difference in cotton yields. [Conclusion] The results of study indicated preliminarily that restructuring soil layers improved the nutrient content, microbial quantity and soil enzymes activity of deeper soil layer, increased the nutrient metabolism intensity of deep soil layer, improved the soil micro-ecological environment, and increased cotton biomass.