15 November 2013, Volume 25 Issue 6
    

  • Select all
    |
  • LI Jun-Wen, JIA  Fei, SUN Fu-Ding, LIU Ai-Ying, SHI Yu-Zhen, GONG Ju-Wu, SHANG Hai-Hong, WANG Tao, GONG Wan-Kui, JIA Xin-He, ZHANG Jian-Hong, YUAN You-Lu, HUA Jin-Ping
    Cotton Science. 2013, 25(6): 471-477. https://doi.org/10.11963/cs130601
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The recombinant inbred lines(RI) and immortalized F2 (IF2) populations derived from the cross between Gossypium hirsutum L. lines sGK9708×0-153 were used to detect quantitative trait loci(QTLs) underlying the number of cracked and open bolls (COP) and percentage of open bolls (POB). Field experiments were conducted in Quzhou, Hebei Province in 2009 and in Anyang, Henan Province, in 2009 and 2010. QTL analysis was conducted by the CIM method. Seven and 11 QTLs, which explained 5.86%~11.28% and 4.68%~9.84% of the phenotypic variation of COB and POB, respectively. Three, two, one, and one QTLs related to COB were located on chromosomes 25, 16, 18, and LG49, respectively; while six, two, two, and one QTLs related to POB were on chromosomes 25, 16, 18, and LG49, respectively. However, no common QTLs were detected in the RI and F2 populations. qPOB-16-2 was detected in the RI population in three environments, and qCOB-16-1, qPOB-5-3, and qPOB-25-4 were detected in two environments. These stable QTLs might be useful for molecular-assisted selection in future cotton breeding programs.
  • PEI Wen-Feng, WU Jian-Yong, XING Chao-Zhu, GUO Li-Ping, QI Ting-Xiang, WANG Hai-Lin
    Cotton Science. 2013, 25(6): 478-485. https://doi.org/10.11963/cs130602
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
     This study aimed to analyze the expression level and relationship between miR156 and its target gene TBCC (Tubulin binding Cofactor C) in buds of Gossypium at different developmental stage in a cytoplasmic male sterile(CMS) line and its maintainer line, to clone the full-length cDNA of the TBCC gene, and to determine the possible role of the TBCC gene in pollen development. Real-time RT-PCR showed that the expression levels of miR156 gradually increased with the development of pollen between the CMS line and the maintainer line. The expression of GhTBCC was strikingly complementary with the expression of miR156 in the maintainer line, but showed very low expression levels in the CMS line, which demonstrated that TBCC is related to male sterility. The full-length cDNA sequence of TBCC was cloned from the buds of the maintainer line, and the gene was named as GhTBCC. The CDS of GhTBCC is 1713 bp and encodes a predicted protein of 570 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 62.79 kDa. Conserved TBCC and CARP domains were observed in the predicted protein sequence. GhTBCC showed 81 %, 80 %, and 77 % sequence similarity to the TBCC protein sequences of Populous trichocarpa, Ricinus communis, and Arabidopsis thaliana, respectively.
  • MA Liu-Jun, SHI Yu-Zhen, LAN Meng-Jiao, YANG Ze-Mao, ZHANG Jin-Feng, ZHANG Bao-Cai, LI Jun-Wen, WANG Tao, GONG Ju-Wu, LIU Ai-Ying, SHANG Hai-Hong, GONG Wan-Kui, YUAN You-Lu
    Cotton Science. 2013, 25(6): 486-495. https://doi.org/10.11963/cs130603
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Three generations of chromosome segment substitution lines lines (BC4F3, BC4F3:4, and BC4F3:5, Anyang, Korla) were used to evaluate phenotypic traits related to fiber yield and quality. The average performance of the traits in the population was near to the control, CCRI45, in the four populations. Seventy-eight percent of the lines showed longer and stronger fibers than the recurrent parent, and 22.59%~53.61% of lines had bigger bolls and higher lint percentages than the recurrent parent. Correlation analysis showed that the yield and fiber quality traits were positively correlated among the four populations. These results indicated that most of the genetic background in the substitution lines has been restored to the recurrent parent with abundant genetic variations. In addition, most of substitution lines had good yield and fiber quality. This study provided a large amount of basic research materials for cotton quantity genetics, gene pyramiding, and gene function analysis, and provided parent materials and new strains that can directly applied for cotton breeding.
  • MA Qi, SU Jun-Ji, CHEN Hong, DENG Fu-Jun
    Cotton Science. 2013, 25(6): 496-502. https://doi.org/10.11963/cs130604
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Gossypium barbadense chromosome segment substitution lines could be used as an important germplasm resource for improving fiber quality traits of upland cotton. In this study, we used TM-1 background substitution lines CSSL-122, the Xinjiang upland cotton Xinluzao 45 and hybrid, backcross progeny BC2F1 populations comprising 120 individual plants as test materials. Nineteen SSR markers located in Gossypium barbadense chromosomes land inked with fiber length and strength were used to screen out obvious polymorphic primers between the parents. We then traced and detected chromosome segments of Gossypium barbadense in the BC2F1 populations. Simultaneously, we compared fiber quality traits of positive plants that contained Gossypium barbadense chromosome segments with non-positive plants in the BC2F1 populations. The results showed that two markers, NAU2987 and BNL3145, which were linked with fiber length, could accurately identify the positive plants. In addition, compared with non-positive plants, the increased fiber length and strength of the positive plants were very significant (P < 0.01). Our research suggested that alien Gossypium barbadense chromosome segments significantly improved the fiber quality traits of Xinluzao 45. Thus, the Gossypium barbadense chromosome segment substitution lines will provide a vital theoretical basis and practical reference for improving Upland Cotton fiber quality traits.
  • YANG Xin-Lei, ZHOU Xiao-Dong, WANG Sheng-Fen, LI Zhi-Kun, ZHANG Yan, LIU Heng-Wei, WU Li-Qiang, ZHANG Gui-Yin, MA Zhi-Ying
    Cotton Science. 2013, 25(6): 503-509. https://doi.org/10.11963/cs130605
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Using bioinformatics methods and meta-analysis with BC1 map as reference, 92 cotton fiber quality QTL collected from both BC1 and BC1F2 populations constructed previously were used to construct a QTL integrated map for QTL analysis in this study. The five hundred ninety-nine loci were mapped into 26 chromosomes with an average distance between adjacent markers of 5.96 cM and covered 3,571.9 cM. Sixty-three QTL of fiber qualities related were integrated into the new reference map. The fifteen meta-QTL were mapped on 12 chromosomes by the meta-analysis method and also QTL clusters have been discovered on chromosome 9, 16 and 24. The major meta-QTL of Meta-QTL9-1 derived from five QTL on chromosome 9, could explain 17.16% of phenotypic variance. The meta-QTL16-1 derived from ten QTL on chromosome 16, could explain 12.28% of phenotypic variance. And three meta-QTL derived from nine QTLs on chromosome 24, could explain 16.12%,16.69% and 18.27% of phenotypic variance, respectively. On average, one meta-QTL derived from two QTLs on the other chromosomes. The results indicated that these meta-QTL could be used in improving fine QTL mapping and molecular-assisted selection of cotton fiber qualities in breeding.
  • ZHANG Dong-Dong, LIU Tao, GAO Tong-Guo, JIANG Jun-Po, LEI Bai-Shi, WANG Shi-Ying, ZHU Bao-Cheng
    Cotton Science. 2013, 25(6): 510-516. https://doi.org/10.11963/cs130606
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The first step in the biological control of plant diseases is to determine whether antagonistic microorganisms can colonize successfully the plant rhizosphere soil. Bacillus Z-5 was isolated from cotton plant soil and showed a significant biocontrol effect on cotton Verticillium wilt. The strain Z-5 was marked with resistance to rifampicin and pathogenic fungi. A Z-5 mutant strain that could stably grow in 300 μg·mL-1 rifampicin NA medium and had wild-type antagonistic activity against pathogen fungi, colony morphology, and cell morphology was selected. The marked strain Z-5 was used to treat cotton seeds by seed soaking, seed dressing, and soil drench. The number of Z-5 cells in cotton plant root soil, roots, stems, and leaves was tested using dilution on rifampicin plate after different periods. The result showed that the number of antagonistic bacteria of soil drench group in cotton plant root soil was 49.72×104 cfu·g-1, while seed soaking and seed dressing groups yielded about 0.49×104 and 2.07×104 cfu·g-1. The number of antagonistic bacteria of the soil drench group in cotton plant roots was 4.93×104 cfu·g-1, while the seed soaking and seed dressing group yielded 4.12×104 and 3.29×104 cfu·g-1.The number of antagonistic bacteria of the soil drench group in cotton stems was 1.32×104 cfu·g-1, while the seed soaking and seed dressing group yielded 0.17×104 and 0.74×104 cfu·g-1. The number of antagonistic bacteria of soil drench group in cotton leaves was 0.27×104 cfu·g-1, while seed soaking and seed dressing group yielded 0.17×104 and 0.22×104 cfu·g-1. These results showed that the Z-5 strain could effectively colonize cotton roots soil and that in vivo , the soil drench group showed a better colonization effect by the strain Z-5 than the seed soaking and   seed dressing group.
  • XU Nai-Yin, JIN Shi-Qiao, ZHANG Guo-Wei, LI Jian
    Cotton Science. 2013, 25(6): 517-524. https://doi.org/10.11963/cs130607
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    A large number of regional crop trials have demonstrated the ubiquitous existence of genotype × environment interactions (G×E), which make it complicated to select superior cultivars and identify the ideal testing sites. The GGE (genotype main effect plus genotype × environment interaction) biplot is the most powerful statistical and graphical displaying tool available for regional crop trial dataset analysis. The objective of the present study was to demonstrate the effectiveness of the biplot in evaluating the high and stable yields of candidate cultivars simultaneously, and in delineating the most adaptive planting region, analyzing trial location discrimination ability and representativeness, and identifying the ideal cultivar and trial locations. The lint cotton yield dataset with nine experimental genotypes and 17 test locations (three replicates in each) was collected from the national cotton regional trial in the Yangtze River Valley (YaRV) in 2012. The results showed that: (1) the effects of genotype (G), environment (E), and genotype × environment interaction (G×E) were significant (P < 0.01) for lint cotton yield. Differences among environments accounted for 78.7% of the treatment total variation in the sum of squares, whereas the genotype main effect accounted for 8.7%, and the genotype × environment interaction accounted for 12.6%. (2) The “ideal cultivar” and “ideal location” view of the HA-GGE biplot identified Zhongcj408 (G2) and Nannon12 (G9) as the best ideal genotypes; Cixi in Zhejiang Province and Jiangling in Hubei Province were the most ideal locations.(3) The “which-won-where” view of the biplot outlined the adaptive planting region for each experimental cultivar. (4) The “similarity among locations” view clustered the trial locations into four groups, among of which the two outlier locations, Shehong (SH) and Chengdu (QBJ), located in Shichuan Basin in the upper reaches of YaRV, were clustered in one group, whereas the Nanyang (NY) of Henan Province at the northern edge of YaRV was singled out as a sole group. Such location clustering results implied an apparent association with the geographical environment.
  • WANG Yan, LI Mao-Ying, ZHANG Ming-Cai, TAN Wei-Ming, DUAN Liu-Sheng
    Cotton Science. 2013, 25(6): 525-532. https://doi.org/10.11963/cs130608
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The effects of ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation on the physiological characteristics of nitrogen metabolism were examined in two transgenic Bt cotton cultivars, 29317 and 29312, under hydroponic conditions. UV-B was artificially applied via filtered lamps at three levels: 0(CK), 2.7 and 5.4 kJ·m-2·d-1. Our results showed that UV-B radiation decreased shoot dry weight, but had no impact on root dry weight accumulation. At 2.7 kJ·m-2·d-1 UV-B radiation, no significant difference in total nitrogen content compared with the control was observed. However, high levels of UV-B radiation at 5.4 kJ·m-2·d-1 significantly increased the total nitrogen content. Further physiological studies revealed that UV-B radiation upregulated nitrate reductase activity, glutamine synthetase activity, protease activity, and peptidase activity. Higher contents of soluble protein and total free amino acids were induced by UV-B radiation. The results suggested that UV-B radiation promoted protein synthesis and degradation, which accelerated nitrogen metabolism in cotton seedlings. Enhanced nitrogen metabolism may be a protective response to UV-B radiation damage.
  • LYU Li-Min , ZHANG Shuai, LUO Jun-Yu, WANG Chun-Yi, WU Dong-Mei, LI Chun-Hua, CUI Jin-Jie
    Cotton Science. 2013, 25(6): 533-540. https://doi.org/10.11963/cs130609
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The occurrence and damage caused by whiteflies, cotton aphids, cotton thrips, mirid bugs, and cotton spider mites in the Bt cotton field, including 18 monitoring sites distributed in Hebei, Shandong, and Henan Provinces, were investigated from 2011 to 2012. In order of incidence of plants with pests, it showed that: whitefly (99.17%) > cotton aphids (98.33%) > cotton thrips (74.58%) > mirid bugs (43.10%) > cotton spider mites (20.95%). Compared with other pests, whiteflies had a highest incidence in the flower and boll stage of Bt cotton in Henan Province, and mirid bugs and cotton spider mites mainly occurred in the flower and boll stage in Hebei Province. Conversely, cotton aphids and cotton thrips showed the highest incidence at the bud stage in Hebei and Shandong Provinces, respectively. The results indicated that non-target pests showed significantly different occurrence and damage rates in various developmental stages of Bt cotton in different regions.
  • SHENG Yang, SUN Yang, BAI Li-Xin, XIAO Liu-Bin, TAN Yong-An
    Cotton Science. 2013, 25(6): 541-548. https://doi.org/10.11963/cs130610
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    As an important digestive enzyme gene, the serine protease gene AlSP 3 plays a key role in Apolygus lucorum for digesting conventional cotton. To understand the effect of different temperatures on the expression level of AlSP 3, we analyzed the expression patterns of AlSP 3 in A. lucorum reared at different temperatures using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that at the normal temperature of 24 ℃, the expression of AlSP 3 in A .lucorum at different nymphal stages was similar. The expressions of AlSP 3 in the female adult at the pre-mating stage and the male adult at post-mating stage were 19.71- and 7.16-fold higher than their control at the 1st nymphal stage, respectively, which were significantly higher than at any other stages. However, expression in the 4th to 5th A. lucorum at the nymphal stage increased with rising temperature in the range of 21~30 ℃. At 30 ℃, the expression of AlSP 3 in the 2nd to 5th A. lucorum was the highest. The expression levels of AlSP 3 in adult A. lucorum reared at different temperatures during the new emergence and pre-mating stages were significantly higher than that of the control reared at 24 ℃ (P < 0.01), while the expression during the post-mating stage at 18℃ was higher than that at other temperatures. When incubated at extreme temperatures (4 ℃ and 40 ℃), the expression of AlSP 3 in female and male adult A. lucorum was significantly higher than that at 24 ℃ (P < 0.01). Taken together, our results showed that the external environment temperature and the internal stage of A. lucorum or its sex all had significant effects on the expression of AlSP 3 in A. lucorum (P < 0.01), and that there was some interactions between them. Therefore, AlSP 3 is very important for the female adult A. lucorum to obtain nutrition at the early stages and temperature is an important limiting factor for the expression of AlSP 3.
  • XU Wen-Ting, WANG Cheng, XU Xiao-Yang, CAI Cai-Ping, GUO Wang-Zhen
    Cotton Science. 2013, 25(6): 549-556. https://doi.org/10.11963/cs130611
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Cotton fiber development depends on a large supply of sugar. Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBP) plays a central role in sucrose metabolism. Structural and functional analysis of the FBP gene will contribute to revealing the complex molecular mechanism of fiber development, and could also provide elite gene resources for the improvement of cotton fiber quality. A novel gene encoding cytosolic FBP, designated as GhFBP (GenBank No. KF305323) was obtained by in silico cloning, based on an expressed sequence tag (GenBank No. ES795598) that was differentially expressed between G. hirsutum acc. TM-1 and G. hirsutum acc. im, an immature fiber mutant, combined with reconfirmation of open reading frame information at the transcriptional and genomic level. GhFBP contained an open reading frame of 1,026 bp that encoded a polypeptide of 341 amino acids. The genome sequence indicated that GhFBPP has 12 exons and 11 introns. There is one copy of GhFBP in diploid cotton species G. herbaceum and G. raimondii and two copies in tetraploid cotton species G. hirsutum acc. TM-1 and G. barbadense cv. Hai 7124, with one each in the A- and D-subgenome. One of the GhFBP homologs in the tetraploid was located to chromosome D2 (Chr.14) using a developed single nucleotide polymorphism marker. Quantitative PCR expression analysis showed that GhFBP was predominantly expressed in developing fibers, and was expressed at low levels in other tissues, including the root, stem, leaf, petal, and anther. The expression level of GhFBP increased rapidly after 19 days post anthesis in fiber tissue. GhFBP showed a significant difference between TM-1 and the im mutant at 19 and 22 days post anthesis, which is the early stage of fiber secondary cell wall development, suggesting that GhFBP plays a key role in the early stage of fiber secondary cell wall development.
  • WANG Qi, DONG He-Zhong
    Cotton Science. 2013, 25(6): 557-563. https://doi.org/10.11963/cs130612
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    During the long process of evolution, plants have adapted to their environments through the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites (SM) using the acetate-malonate pathway, mevalonic acids pathway, or shikimic acid pathway, leading to resistance to different pests. As a major cash crop, cotton can produce many secondary metabolites with insecticidal activity, and show self-defense mechanisms under biotic stress conditions. These characteristics of cotton ensure reduced pest incidence and maintenance of ecological balance. This paper discusses the types of SMs, their synthesis, and insect resistance of cotton secondary metabolites in relation to their defense function. We propose possible pest-control strategies using secondary metabolites in cotton.